What Is Neonatal Jaundice?

What Is Neonatal Jaundice?

Neonatal jaundice is a condition that makes a baby’s skin and the whites of their eyes appear yellow. This occurs due to high levels of bilirubin in the baby’s blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. In newborns, the liver is not yet fully developed to efficiently remove bilirubin from the bloodstream.

Why Does Neonatal Jaundice Occur?

There are many reasons why neonatal jaundice can occur. Some of the most common causes include:

  1. Physiological Jaundice: Seen in most newborns during the first few days after birth and usually resolves on its own.
  2. Breast Milk Jaundice: Can occur in breastfed babies and is usually not a serious condition.
  3. Blood Type Incompatibility: Can occur when there is a mismatch between the mother’s and the baby’s blood types.
  4. Premature Birth: More common in premature babies whose livers are not fully developed.

Symptoms of Neonatal Jaundice

The most noticeable symptom of neonatal jaundice is the yellowing of the baby’s skin and the whites of their eyes. Other symptoms may include lethargy, feeding difficulties, and dark-colored urine. If you notice these symptoms, it is important to contact a doctor immediately.

How Is Neonatal Jaundice Diagnosed?

Neonatal jaundice is usually diagnosed through a physical examination. Doctors can detect jaundice by examining the color of the baby’s skin and eyes. Additionally, blood tests can measure bilirubin levels to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment of Neonatal Jaundice

The treatment for neonatal jaundice depends on the severity and cause of the condition. Mild jaundice often requires no treatment and resolves on its own. However, more severe cases require medical intervention. Here are some treatment methods:

  1. Phototherapy: Special lights are used to reduce bilirubin levels in the baby’s blood.
  2. Exchange Transfusion: In rare cases, a blood exchange transfusion may be necessary to lower high bilirubin levels.
  3. Breastfeeding: Frequent feeding can help eliminate bilirubin from the baby’s body.

Important Considerations for Neonatal Jaundice

There are some important points to keep in mind for babies with neonatal jaundice:

  • Regular Monitoring: It is essential to regularly monitor the baby’s bilirubin levels.
  • Feeding: Ensuring the baby is well-fed can help reduce bilirubin levels.
  • Medical Supervision: If jaundice symptoms are noticed, it is crucial to contact a doctor immediately.

Doctors of the Relevant Department:

Assoc. Dr. Alpay ÇAKMAK

Speck. Dr. Şahin KALKAN

Speck. Dr. Muharrem ÇİÇEK

Speck Dr. Muhammed Yusuf MİLA

Speck Dr. Feyzullah YESEVİ